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Ernest Hemingway was awarded the literature prize "for his mastery of the art of narrative, most recently demonstrated in The Old Man and the Sea, and for the influence that he has exerted on contemporary style."

"One should be surrounded by people who can help. We are all sitting in the same boat."

Chemistry laureate Emmanuelle Charpentier speaks about the valuable qualities - and colleagues - a scientist needs.

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“For every poet it is always morning in the world. History a forgotten, insomniac night; History and elemental awe are always our early beginning, because the fate of poetry is to fall in love with the world, in spite of History.”

- Poet Derek Walcott in his Nobel Prize lecture.

The 3D structure of a polio vaccine, shown here, was enabled by a Nobel Prize awarded discovery. Cryo-EM, or cryo-electron microscopy, allows scientists to see intricate details in biological structures. Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank and Richard Henderson were awarded the 2017 chemistry prize for their work developing the technique.

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​​"Her story is so well known to the people of South America that, passed on from country to country, it has become almost a legend."

So began the presentation speech of Gabriela Mistral's Nobel Prize in Literature in 1945. It continued:

"In a small village in the Elquis valley, several decades ago, was born a future schoolteacher named Lucila Godoy y Alcayaga. Godoy was her father’s name, Alcayaga her mother’s; both were of Basque origin. Her father, who had been a schoolteacher, improvised verses with ease. His talent seems to have been mixed with the anxiety and the instability common to poets. He left his family when his daughter, for whom he had made a small garden, was still a child. Her beautiful mother, who was to live a long time, has said that sometimes she discovered her lonely little daughter engaged in intimate conversations with the birds and the flowers of the garden. According to one version of the legend, she was expelled from school. Apparently she was considered too stupid for teaching hours to be wasted on her. Yet she taught herself by her own methods, educating herself to the extent that she became a teacher in the small village school of Cantera. There her destiny was fulfilled at the age of twenty, when a passionate love arose between her and a railroad employee.

We know little of their story. We know only that he betrayed her. One day in November, 1909, he fatally shot himself in the head. The young girl was seized with boundless despair. Like Job, she lifted her cry to the Heaven that had allowed this. From the lost valley in the barren, scorched mountains of Chile a voice arose, and far around men heard it. A banal tragedy of everyday life lost its private character and entered into universal literature. Lucila Godoy y Alcayaga became Gabriela Mistral."

​​Vitamin K is a compound that is crucial for blood clotting.

Nobel Laureate Edward Doisy, was the first person to produce it in a pure form. By studying different analogues he established the distinction between vitamin K1 (shown) which was isolated from alfalfa, and vitamin K2, isolated from fish meal. His work became especially important in treating bleeding among small children.

​​"One cannot plan for the unexpected. Human curiosity, the urge to know, is a powerful force and is perhaps the best secret weapon of all in the struggle to unravel the workings of the natural world."

Aaron Klug was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his development of crystallographic electron microscopy. During the 1960s, Klug combined methods from x-ray crystallography with electron microscopy in order to study complex structures of DNA and proteins in organisms such as various viruses and in chromatin, which forms the chromosomes inside cell nuclei. He was first introduced to the investigating the structure of viruses by Rosalind Franklin: "From then on my fate was sealed," he said.

​​Linus Pauling is the only person to have been awarded two undivided Nobel Prizes.

Did you know that Pauling discovered the structure of the alpha-helix molecule when he folded a piece of paper? What's more - Pauling was a champion of peace and took a stand against nuclear weapons.
In 1954 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Eight years later he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize 1962 for his opposition to nuclear weapons.

​​Can you see what the image depicts?

Communication between the cells in your body are managed by substances called hormones. Each cell has a small receiver known as a receptor, which is able to receive hormones. In the 1980s, Brian Kobilka successfully identified the gene that regulates the formation of the receptor for the hormone adrenaline. He and Robert Lefkowitz also discovered that the receptor was similar to receptors located in the eye that capture light. It was later discovered that there is an entire family of receptors that look and act in similar ways - "G-protein-coupled receptors". Approximately half of all medications used today make use of this kind of receptor.
The image depicts a three-dimensional model of the beta 2 adrenergic receptor-Gs protein complex etched in a glass cube. The glass cube was donated to the Nobel Prize Museum from 2012 Chemistry Laureate Brian Kobilka when he visited Stockholm to receive his Nobel Prize.