An asymptomatic 52-year-old man is undergoing screening sigmoidoscopy. In the rectum, at 6 cm from the anal verge, a 2 cm yellow, submucosal nodule is noted. Deep endoscopic biopsies are consistent with carcinoid. Appropriate management includes which of the following?

a. Observation
b. Transanal excision
c. Low anterior resection
d. Abdominoperineal resection

Answer: bbbb

Q9) Vimal, a 70-years old male presents with a history of lower
GI bleed for last 6 months. Sigmoido-scopic examination
shows a mass, of 4 cm about 3.5 cm above the anal verge. The
treatment of choice is:

Complications of Multiple small stones in GB ?
Obstructive jaundice
Pancreatitis
Ascending cholangitis
Gallstone ileus

25-year-old woman with known ulcerative colitis presents to the emergency room with a 24-hour history of abdominal pain, distention, and obstipation. Physical examination reveals a temperature of 38.6° C, abdominal distention, and diffuse abdominal tenderness. Abdominal x-rays show marked colonic dilatation, most pronounced in the transverse colon. Laboratory examination reveals a white blood count of 19,000/mm3. Over the first 24 hours of hospitalization, symptoms are progressive in spite of intravenous fluid resuscitation, nasogastric suctioning, and intravenous antibiotics. The most appropriate management for this patient would include which of the following?

a. Decompressive colonoscopy
b. Proctocolectomy with formation of end ileostomy
c. Total abdominal colectomy with formation of Hartmann pouch and end ileostomy
d. Cecostomy
Answer: ?c