Consolidation/Airspace shadowing
*🔴 *Patchy shadowing : non - uniform shadowing and the border is not well demarcated.
*🔴 Lobar or segmental density : the density should correspond anatomically to a lobe or lung segment.
*🔴 Air bronchogram: the presence of an air bronchogram would confirm that the density
(fluid/pus) was in the alveoli and not the larger airways. Bronchial breathing is the clinical equivalent of
the air bronchogram.
🔴 No loss of lung volume : lung volumes may actually increase in the early stages of consolidation. In
later stages there can be a small loss of lung volume due to secretions obstructing airways; however, as
a general rule, there is no significant loss of lung volume in consolidation.
🩻** @CXRcases

Carinal angle
Normally the angle is between 40 ° and 100 ° . An increase in the carinal angle is an indirect sign of pathology in the heart, mediastinum or lungs.
• sub - carinal mass (a mass below the carina, e.g. bronchial carcinoma, hiatal hernia)
• left atrial enlargement , cardiomegaly or a pericardial effusion• right or left upper lobe collapse (pulling the mainstem bronchus upwards).
🩻 @CXRcases

Tracheal deviation
🔴 Deviated towards diseased side– lung collapse
– pneumonectomy (removal of a lung) or lobectomy (removal of just one lobe)
– unilateral fibrosis
– agenesis of lung (also called lung aplasia – complete absence of a whole lung and its bronchus).
🔴 Deviated away from diseased side– tension pneumothorax
– pleural effusion (large)
– mediastinal masses
– para - tracheal masses.
🩻 @CXRcases

Findings
Chest radiograph: Bibasilar opacities likely reflecting atelectasis and small pleural effusions, left greater than right. Probable mild pulmonary edema. No pneumothorax. The cardiac silhouette appears enlarged.
CTA chest, abdomen and pelvis: Small volume hemopericardium. There is contrast layering in the IVC.
Diagnosis: Cardiac tamponade

Chest CT shows diffuse ground-glass opacification of the lungs with associated interlobular septal thickening and intralobular lines in a “crazy-paving” pattern. No focal consolidation.

X-ray shows nonspecific diffuse pulmonary opacities.