?Quad summit agenda

#gs2
#ir

@upsc_4_ir

?Exercise Eastern Bridge VII

The Indian Air Force (IAF) has successfully completed Exercise Eastern Bridge VII with the Royal Air Force of Oman (RAFO) at the RAFO airbase in Masirah.

#gs2
#prelims

Join @PIB_UPSC

India has recently escalated its demand for renegotiating the 1960 Indus Waters Treaty (IWT), calling off all meetings of the Permanent Indus Commission (PIC) until Pakistan agrees to talks.

Historically, the IWT has been seen as a successful water-sharing agreement, with India winning major disputes related to the treaty by adhering to its processes, such as the Baglihar Dam project and the Neelum project dispute.

The dispute resolution process for projects like Kishenganga and Ratle has faced challenges since 2016, leading to parallel dispute mechanisms which both countries have boycotted at different stages.

The World Bank, a co-signatory and guarantor of the IWT, allowed parallel processes to run for dispute resolution, further complicating the situation.

The decision by the Modi government to halt all PIC meetings has jeopardized the treaty's future, and political leaders on both sides have utilized strong rhetoric, which was previously avoided.

#gs2
#ir

@upsc_4_ir
@upsc_the_hindu_ie_editorial

Last Day For Registration ?

Download Toppers Handbook PDF

*?*How a ‘New’ Japan Promises to Transform Asian Geopolitics?

?Why in News?

✅Japan’s PM’s (Fumio Kishida) address to the US Congress and the developments from his summit meeting with President Joe Biden, announced the arrival of a new, assertive Japan to the world.

✅What is the Change that Japan is Undergoing? After World War II, a defeated Japan adopted a policy of pacifism. Today, Japan is set to become a major military power, transforming its civilian industrial capability into a military industrial complex. From being a US protectorate, it now becomes an American partner and a significant contributor to Asian and Indo-Pacific security.

✅What is the Reason for this Radical Change? A mix of external and internal factors has contributed to its reorientation in the 21st century.
On the external front, the rise of China and North Korea;
the deepening military bonds between Beijing and Moscow; and the fears that the US could withdraw its security protection to Japan.
Internally, this situation strengthened conservatives in Tokyo, who wanted to see Japan becoming a ‘normal power’.

✅What Exactly is Japan Doing to Become a Geopolitical Power?
First, Japan has done away with the historical cap (~1% of its GDP) on defence expenditure.
Second, Japan is in the process of further strengthening its counter-strike capability in the form of cruise missiles.
Third, Japan has eased its self-imposed ban on exports of lethal weapons to friendly countries. Fourth, Japan-US are in the process of revising the command-and-control framework governing their defence forces.**#gs2#ir@upsc_4_ir

Last Day For Enrollment ?

ESSAY TOPPERS ANSWER HANDOOBK

upsc mains society ( 50-75 Mark's)

CLICK HERE TO JOIN