The 14 sciences of Fiqh
No one can be a faqih without studying the following sciences:
1- Fiqh of a madhab
2- Comparative Fiqh
3- Adilatul-Ahkaam (The evidences of rulings).
4- Tarikh Tashri3 (History of the establishment of the Shariah)
5- Tabaqat Al-Fuqaha (The historical ranks of the fiqh scholars)
6- Al-Faraaid (Inheritance law)
7- An-Nawazil (Contemporary issues)
8- Al-Qadaa (Court system)
9- Usool Al-Fiqh
10- Takhrij al-Furoo ala Al-Usool (deriving sectional issues from the fundamentals)
11- Al-Qawaid al-Fiqhiya (The maxims of Fiqh)
12- Al-Ashbah wa nadhair wal Furuq (situations that are similar and have same rulings, and situation that are similar but have different rulings.)
13- Adab al-Khilaaf wal-B7th wal-Munadharah (The etiquettes of differences of opinions, research and debate)
14- Maqasid al-Shariah (The objectives of Islamic law)

Order of recommendation for the fast of Ashura:
1-The 9th and the 10th
2-The 10th and the 11th
3-The 9th, 10th, 11th
4-The 10th

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Abu Raafi’ said: “I prayed behind Umar bin Al-Khattab (RA) - and he performed Qunout after Rukoo, raising his hands, and supplicating out loud.” Al-Bayhaqi {Al-Sunan Al-Kubra} (2/212) said: “This is authentic on the authority of Umar.”

وعن أبي رافع قال : " صليت خلف عمر بن الخطاب - رضي الله عنه - فقنت بعد الركوع ، ورفع يديه ، وجهر بالدعاء " . أخرجه البيهقي في " السنن الكبرى " (2/212) ، وقال " هذا عن عمر صحيح " .