#theoreticalworld Higgs Boson - Mass

– The theoretical model of a Higgs boson was first proposed in 1964 by Peter Higgs and other physicists based on quantum field theory to explain the masses of particles, such as electrons and quarks.💡

– Interestingly, as other elementary particles do, the Higgs boson gets its own mass through interaction with the Higgs field. It is also the only discovered particle in the standard model with zero spin.

🔥Discovery: 2012 at CERN using the Large Hadron Collider (LHC)

The discovery of the Higgs boson confirms the existence of the Higgs field.

⚖️ However, accelerating particles to extremely high speed would require a long acceleration process, making circular accelerators a more plausible option, where particles are continuously accelerated by going in loops.🔘 Superconducting magnets steer the particles as they travel in a circular route. Among the circular accelerators, scientists have invented particle colliders, enabling two beams of high-energy particles to collide.

Largest particle accelerator: Large Hadron Collider (circumference: 27 km)🤯

To accelerate the charged particles, such as protons and electrons, scientists use electric fields, which create alternating radiofrequency cavities to boost the particles. At some point in the vacuum pipe of this machine, a target, such as a thin piece of metal foil will be placed, next to which will be a detector. 👀

In terms of structure, there are two types of accelerators - the linear accelerator and the circular accelerator. ✌️The linear accelerators, also called LINAC, are built in a straight line and are widely used in fields apart from basic science. For instance, they are crucial in radiation therapy and the manufacturing process of computer chips.🖥