Jettison

means to push to the side or toss away.

If a boat is leaking or an airplane is running out of fuel, you can buy more time by jettisoning cargo, or throwing it overboard.

The word jettison — dating, in its nautical meaning, from the 15th century in English — is commonly used figuratively as well as literally.

You can jettison a friendship or an attitude.

During the month that the Winter Olympics are aired on TV, figure-skating fans across the country jettison homework and other responsibilities in order to watch.

If someone calls you loco, it means they think you're nutty or eccentric.

Your friends will think your dog is completely loco if she spends hours every day chasing her own tail.

You can use the slang term loco when you're commenting on the craziness or irrationality of a person or situation.

You might say, for example: "This meeting is totally loco — everyone's talking at the same time!"

Loco comes from American English, which borrowed it from the Spanish 
loco, "insane."
Its roots are uncertain, but it may stem from the Arabic lauqa, "fool."

insouciance

/ɪnˈsuːsiːəns/

➠ noun

the cheerful feeling you have when nothing is troubling you

synonyms : carefreeness, lightheartedness, lightsomeness

insinuation 

An insinuation is a sly way of saying something, usually something insulting. It can also be a way of worming your way into a group or situation.

"You're dumb!" is an insult. An insinuation is different: it's a way of indirectly saying something. Insinuation evolved from the Latin insinuationem, meaning "entrance through a narrow way.” So an insinuation is like an insult that sneaks in the back door. Mentioning that your cousin could try harder in school could be an insinuation that your cousin’s lazy. Another kind of insinuation is when someone, often through flattery, gets herself accepted by others. Both kinds of insinuations are sneaky.

If it's the day before a big event and you have no idea what to wear and nothing in your closet is going to cut it, you are facing a sartorial dilemma — one that pertains to clothing, fashion, or dressing.

perspicacious

Perspicacious is an adjective that means "shrewd" and "wise." A perspicacious child can't be fooled when her parents try to keep a secret by talking in Pig Latin.

The adjective perspicacious is a long word for a short definition: "keen" or "shrewd." This word is descended from the Latin word perspicere, which means "to look closely."

In other words, if you look closely at something you are paying attention to it and know it well.

A definition of perspicacious that is out of date but still relevant is "having keen eyesight" and people who can see clearly are also aware and attentive!

Recidivism

/rɪˈsɪdɪvɪz(ə)m/

noun

the tendency of a convicted criminal to reoffend.

"the prison has succeeded in reducing recidivism"

Catharsis

Use the noun catharsis to refer to the experience a person can have of releasing emotional tension and feeling refreshed afterwards.

Conceived by Aristotle as the cleansing effect of emotional release that tragic drama has on its audience, catharsis stems from a Greek verb meaning "to purify, purge."

Today, it can be used to describe any emotional release, including a good long laugh or cry that is followed by a sense of balance and freshness afterwards.

Triage

Grouping patients based on the severity of their injuries and the likelihood of their survival is called triage.

In a triage situation, urgent cases are seen by doctors first, and non-life-threatening emergencies go last.

You can also apply the sorting and prioritizing of triage to more general situations. If you're overwhelmed with homework, you can perform triage by organizing it into subjects and prioritizing assignments based on their due dates.

The word triage comes from the French word trier meaning to sort. Although the medical sense is now the most common, it wasn't used that way until World War One.